Recognition of Strong Earthquake Prone Areas in the Altai–Sayan–Baikal Region     

Gorshkov  A. I.  Soloviev  A. A.  Zharkikh  Ju. I. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,479(1):412-414

The locations of areas prone to strong earthquakes (M ≥ 6.0) in the Altai–Sayan–Baikal region are determined. Based on a scheme of morphostructural zoning of the region and by using the CORA-3 pattern recognition algorithm, all intersections of morphostructural lineaments are separated into two classes: the highly seismic intersections in the vicinities of which strong earthquakes can occur and low seismic in the vicinities of which only earthquakes with M < 6.0 are possible. Recognition was performed for the vectors the components of which were measured values of the geological–geophysical characteristics describing the respective intersection. The result obtained allows the zones of high seismic hazard to be identified more reliably in the region.

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Geochemical Features of Cupriferous Sandstones in the Orenburg Area of the Ural Region     

Volkov  A. V.  Novikov  I. A.  Razumovskiy  A. A.  Murashov  K. Yu.  Sidorova  N. V.  Sidorov  A. A. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,479(1):393-396

The new geochemical data obtained of cupriferous sandstones of the Orenburg area of the Ural region show that the Permian host stratum could have served as the source of rare-earth elements and other microelements for the ore-forming fluids. They confirm the possibility of using a convection model to explain the genesis of the copper ores studied. This model indicates the likely multistage development of mineralization to significant depths, like in the Manto deposits in Chili. Consequently, the Permian cupriferous sandstones of the southwestern area of the Ural region can be considered a very promising source of raw material for the development of copper industry in the area.

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Observations of Near-Earth Optical Transients with the Lomonosov Space Observatory     

V. M. Lipunov  E. S. Gorbovskoy  V. G. Kornilov  V. V. Chazov  M. I. Panasyuk  S. I. Svertilov  I. V. Yashin  V. L. Petrov  V. V. Kallegaev  A. A. Amelushkin  D. M. Vlasenko 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(7):426-435

The results of observations with the MASTER-SHOK robotic wide-field optical cameras onboard the Lomonosov Space Observatory carried out in 2016 are presented. In all, the automated transient detection system transmitted 22 181 images of moving objects with signal-to-noise ratios greater than 5 to the Earth. Approximately 84% of these images are identified with well-known artificial Earth satellites (including repeated images of the same satellite) and fragments of such satellites (space debris), according to databases of known satellites. The remaining 16% of the images are relate to uncatalogued objects. This first experience in optical space-based monitoring of near-Earth space demonstrates the high efficiency and great potential of using large-aperture cameras in space, based on the software and technology of the MASTER robotic optical complexes (the Mobile Astronomical System of TElescope- Robots (MASTER) global network of robotic telescopes of Lomonosov Moscow State University).  相似文献   

The Role of Pressure as a Source of Gravity and Wormholes     

I. D. Novikov  D. I. Novikov  N. S. Kardashev 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(7):421-425

The role of pressure as a source of gravity in general relativity is considered. In homogeneous, anisotropic cosmological models, the anisotropic pressure components along different coordinate axes are included as terms in the equations determining the accelerations along these axes; in this sense, this situation is similar to how the mass density is included in these equations. A change in the pressure component along one of the coordinates leads to an anisotropic change in the accelerations along all three coordinates. However, the pressure components are not present in the equation determining the initial conditions. On the other hand, with an inhomogeneous matter density distribution, the mass density and pressure play fundamentally different roles as sources of gravity. The consequences of this are considered.  相似文献   

Features of the Flow Structure in the Vicinity of the Inner Lagrangian Point in Polars     

P. B. Isakova  A. G. Zhilkin  D. V. Bisikalo 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(8):492-501

The structures of plasma flows in close binary systems whose accretors have strong intrinsic magnetic fields are studied. A close binary system with the parameters of a typical polar is considered. The results of three-dimensional numerical simulations of the matter flow from the donor into the accretor Roche lobe are presented. Special attention is given to the flow structure in the vicinity of the inner Lagrangian point, where the accretion flow is formed. The interaction of the accretion-flow material from the donor’s envelope with the magnetic field of the accretor results in the formation of a hierarchical structure of the magnetosphere, because less dense areas of the accretion flow are stopped by the magnetic field of the white dwarf earlier than more dense regions. Taking into account this kind of magnetosphere structure can affect analysis results and interpretation of the observations.  相似文献   

Relativistic Metrology of Near-Earth Space–Time and Its Practical Applications     

Fateev  V. F. 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(12):1036-1041

Astronomy Reports - Results of studies of relativistic effects for the time and frequency shifts for an Earth–satellite system of atomic clocks, and also for moving clocks on the Earth, are...  相似文献   

Dynamics of Natural Satellites of Planets Based on Observations     

Emelyanov  N. V. 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(12):977-985

There is wide interest in the results of studies of the dynamics of satellites of planets. Such data are needed to determine the physical properties of celestial bodies, and they may be able to provide information about the origins and evolution of the solar system. The general approach to studying the dynamics of satellites involves developing models for the motion and ephemerides based on observational data. Ephemerides are required to prepare and launch space missions to other planets and help discover new celestial bodies. High-precision astrometric coordinates of the principal satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus are derived from photometric observations of occultations and eclipses of these satellites. To this end, worldwide observing campaigns have been organized. Enhancement in the precision of ephemerides can be obtained not only by increasing the accuracy of observations, but also by expanding the time interval covered by the observations. Many new, distant satellites of the major planets were discovered in the early 21st century. However, observations of these satellites are scarce and were obtained over short time intervals; as a result, some of these satellites were lost. To date, 179 natural satellites are known. This paper is based on a presentation made at the conference “Modern Astrometry 2017,” dedicated to the memory of K.V. Kuimov (Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, October 23–25, 2017).

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Next Generation Space Gravimetry: Scientific Tasks,Concepts, and Realization     

Milyukov  V. K.  Yeh  Hsien-Chi 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(12):1003-1012

Astronomy Reports - A review of the achievements of space geodesy in the 21st century, represented by the successful realization of the CHAMP, GOCE, and GRACE missions, is presented. The main...  相似文献   

Cosmology and Astrometry     

Sazhin  M. V.  Zharov  V. E.  Kalinina  T. A.  Sementsov  V. N. 《Astronomy Reports》2018,62(12):1026-1029

Astronomy Reports - It has recently become clear that the potential role of astrometry in cosmological studies has been underestimated. Some areas of cosmology that should be investigated using...  相似文献   

Studies of Particulate Matter Distribution by Aqua Modis Data and Simulation Results     

Matishov  G. G.  Shulga  T. Ya.  Khartiyev  S. M.  Ioshpa  A. R. 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2018,481(1):967-971

Doklady Earth Sciences - Ways of combined usage of data obtained by the satellite sounding of the marine surface along with modeling approaches are considered. The technique of data application is...  相似文献